The+Cognitive+Perspective


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[|**history of cognitive psychology.ppt**]

= = =OVERVIEW =

Cognitive psychology studies how people think, percieve, remember, and learn. Mainly, however, congnitive psychology is focused on memory. Between 195 and 1970, the emergence of this study stimulated the cognitive revolution--a reversal from behaviorism. This perspective is basically a blend of behaviorism and psychodynamics. It focuses on the unseen aspects of humans, but it studies it using the scientific method.

 =__**Psychologists in Cognitive Psychology**__ =


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[|Wilhelm Wundt]
psychology.ucdavis.edu
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Edward Titchner
 www.sepsych.org
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Herman Ebbinghaus
[|www.york.ac.uk]
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[|William James]

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[|Jean Piaget]

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<span style="COLOR: rgb(239,26,29)">Noam Chomsky
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<span style="COLOR: rgb(239,26,29)">Wolfgang Kohler
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<span style="COLOR: rgb(239,26,29)">David Rumelhart
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<span style="COLOR: rgb(239,26,29)"> <span style="COLOR: rgb(239,26,29)"><span style="COLOR: rgb(239,26,29)">
 * <span style="COLOR: rgb(239,26,29)">James McClelland

Perspective
- Psychologist mainly focus on mental processes. Therefore, they study the how mental illnesses affect the way people perceive, remember, reason, decide, and solve problems.

Schizophrenia
- most patents do not experience a complete remisson of symptons. Treatment includes group activites, and re-learning productive acceptable behavior for day-to-day living. Medical treatments are Antipsychotics and psychotherapy. Other treatments include personal care, living skills and managing money.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- treatment is usually focused on medications called stimulants. For exmaple, "adderall", these medications are commonly prescribed, and they have few side effects.

Depression
- The most commonly used therapy for treatment of depression, is congitive-behavioral therapy. It focus on discussing thoughts and behaviors associated with depression. Hospitalization is necessary if the individual has attempted sucide or a plan for doing so. Anti-depressant medicaion is the most commonly, used medication.

=__  Psychologists   __=

** Wilhelm Wundt   **
Whilhelm Wundt believed highly in structuralism and introspection. He is also known for the establishment of the first psychology lab. He was known for establishing the first psychology lab in Liepzig, Germany, generally considered the official beginning of psychology as a field of science.

** William James   **
William James believed in pragmatism and functionalism. According to pragmatism, the truth of an idea can never be proven. He disagreed with structualism and instead decided to focus on the brain as a whole. He is known for opposingthe James-Lange theory. The James-Lange theory of emotion proposes that an event triggers a physiological reaction, which we then interpret. He was often called the father of American psychology.

** Jean Piaget **
Jean Piaget introduced the theory of cognitive development. He stated that children develope cognitive abilities in stages. Jean Piaget provided support for the idea that children think differently than adults. His work also generated interest in cognitive and developmental psychology. Piaget's theories continue to be studied in the areas of psychology, sociology, education, and genetics.